CT uses x-rays in conjunction with a computer to produce cross-sectional images of body parts. CT generated images can distinguish small differences in tissue densities that a conventional radiograph cannot. The computer, to highlight areas of interest, can also manipulate the images. It is necessary to give oral and intravenous contrast materials for some exams. These materials highlight the intestines, and soft tissues of the body to provide a better view of these structures. A technologist is always there to explain the study and to make your experience as comfortable as possible.

PREPARATION:
CT scan of Sinus, Spine, Extremity or Chest does not require any preparation. All other types of exams e.g. Head, Abdomen, Pelvis, require nothing by mouth 4 hours prior to the study except for prescribed medication. An oral contrast material may be given 1 to 2 hours prior to the exam. For some studies an IV contrast material is also injected. These exams should take from 15minutes to an hour.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. CAD occurs whenever arteries that carry oxygenated blood to the heart become clogged with plaque. The plaque build-up slows the blood-flow to the heart and increases the risk of myocardial infarction. Patients are usually diagnosed after they develop symptoms and display an abnormal response to invasive testing. Unfortunately, by that time, the atherosclerotic process is advanced and the opportunity for prevention has been missed.

Coronary Artery Calcification Scanning determines very accurately the presence and the severity of coronary artery calcification. Extensive research has determined that the presence of calcium in the coronary arteries is a good predictor of underlying heart disease. A calcium score >400 implies the presence of extensive CAD with a likelihood >90% of at least one significantly obstructed vessel. While calcium is a marker for CAD, it is important to remember that not all plaque is calcified and a negative heart scan does not mean a person is free of heart disease.

Here at St. Joseph's Imaging Associates, we assess cardiac calcium using General Electric's HiSpeed CTI Scanner, the software SmartScore and a vital sign monitor. SmartScore quantifies the calcified plaque in the calcium score guidelines. Here it is important to note, the clinical significance of a particular score is influenced by a patient's age and gender. We encourage patients to work with their physicians to determine the significance of their CAD scores and to make changes in the assessment of their risk factors for heart disease.

A heart scan may be useful in evaluating CAD in asymptomatic patients who have one or more risk factors for heart disease. A heart scan is not recommended for patients with known CAD, patients who are pregnant or patients with abnormally fast resting heart beats (tachycardia). In general, most studies have evaluated patients between the ages of 40 and 70. Clinical benefit is unlikely to be substantial in patients above the age of seventy and heart scanning is not recommended for these individuals.

Virtual Colonoscopy

What is a Virtual Colonoscopy?
A virtual colonoscopy is the CT alternative to conventional colonoscopy.

How is a Virtual Colonoscopy Performed?
A small soft tip rectal tube is placed to allow air into the colon. The patient is then scanned, first lying face up and then face down on the CT table. The recorded CT images are then assembled using a computer program that creates both a 2 and a 3 dimensional model that is examined by the radiologist for polyps and other colon abnormalities. The entire examination should take no longer than fifteen minutes to complete. If a polyp or mass is detected, a conventional colonoscopy is then performed to remove the lesion.

PREPARATION:
To prepare for a virtual colonoscopy, the patient should follow a 2- day low residual diet and use a bowel preparation kit obtained at one of our offices. Because no sedation is used for the exam, the patient may resume normal activity at its completion.

Results:
Our radiologists will review the results of your CT scan with your doctor who will then explain them to you. Your doctor should have access to your scan results within 24 hours.